The cultural underpinnings of nineteenth

The cultural underpinnings of nineteenth-century nationalism Essay Typically, the Catholic priest in Ireland was seen as an important leader of his community, exercising an effective ministry and tending to the religious and social needs of his people, whilst the Church of Ireland clergy were ministering to a small clique of landlords and were consequently isolated from the majority of people in the district (Block3, p101). For this reason, if no other, argues Wolffe, nineteenth-century Ireland history illustrates the importance of the link between Roman Catholicism and nationalism I would conclude simply by stating that improvements in education, increased literacy being the most critical, and religion played significant roles in the development of nationalism during the nineteenth century. However, the reasons for this are varied-the importance of technical and technological advances are too great to be ignored and the fact that a popular press grew up during the period meant that the working classes were given access to information and reading material in a manner than had hitherto been denied them. We will write a custom essay on The cultural underpinnings of nineteenth-century nationalism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now For example, Dickens and Conan Doyle, amongst others, were able to serialise popular fiction through the periodicals of the day thereby giving encouragement to parents who wanted to teach their children the benefits of reading. This was enhanced by the expansion of trade and the resultant need for a literate workforce able to cope with the demands that trade placed upon it and by a recognition by the governments of Europe of the need to provide at least a basic level of education to all. In religious terms, the Catholic Church represented to many of the disaffected groups of western Europe a source of salvation and strength as well as a social focus and its powerful voice added to the sense of national pride. Furthermore, the growth of religious non-conformity during the course of the century again provided a source of inspiration and belief that had almost been lost in the breakdown of the established order and Britain saw the explosion of evangelism and the involvement of the community in religion, or rather in taking control of religion, in a manner unseen before. The importance of these changes cannot be overly emphasised but they do not provide the whole picture-it is far too complex to be easily summed up. From the reaction against the twin French threats of Napoleon and the overthrow of the established order, to the power of the press, the nineteenth century saw social changes on an unprecedented scale and we should not ignore its importance in shaping modern society.

Solving Problems With a Distance-Rate-Time Formula

Solving Problems With a Distance-Rate-Time Formula In math, distance, rate, and time are three important concepts you can use to solve many problems if you know the formula. Distance is the length of space traveled by a moving object or the length measured between two points. It is usually denoted by d in math problems. The rate is the speed at which an object or person travels. It is usually denoted by  r  in equations.  Time is the measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition exists or continues. In distance, rate, and time problems, time is measured as the fraction in which a particular distance is traveled. Time is usually denoted by t in equations.   Solving for Distance, Rate, or Time When you are solving problems for distance, rate, and time, you will find it helpful to use diagrams or charts to organize the information and help you solve the problem. You will also apply the formula that solves distance, rate, and time, which is  distance rate x time. It is abbreviated as: d rt There are many examples where you might use this formula in real life. For example, if you know the time and rate a person is traveling on a train, you can quickly calculate how far he traveled. And  if you know the time and distance a passenger traveled on a plane, you could quickly figure the distance she traveled simply by reconfiguring the formula. Distance, Rate, and Time Example Youll usually encounter a distance, rate, and time question as a  word problem  in mathematics. Once you read the problem, simply plug the numbers into the formula. For example, suppose a  train leaves Debs house and travels at 50 mph. Two hours later, another train leaves from Debs house on the track beside or parallel to the first train but it travels at 100 mph. How far away from Debs house will the faster train pass the other train? To solve the problem, remember that d represents the distance in miles from Debs house and t  represents the time that the slower train has been traveling. You may wish to draw a diagram to show what is happening. Organize the information you have in a chart format if you havent solved these types of problems before. Remember the formula: distance rate x time When identifying the parts of the word problem, distance is typically given in units of miles, meters, kilometers, or inches. Time is in units of seconds, minutes, hours, or years. Rate is distance per time, so its units could be mph, meters per second, or inches per year. Now you can solve the system of equations: 50t 100(t - 2) (Multiply both values inside the parentheses by 100.)50t 100t - 200200 50t (Divide 200 by 50 to solve for t.)t 4 Substitute t 4 into train No. 1 d 50t 50(4) 200 Now you can write your statement. The faster train will pass the slower train 200 miles from Debs house. Sample Problems Try solving similar problems. Remember to use the formula that supports what youre looking for- distance, rate, or time. d rt (multiply)r d/t (divide)t d/r (divide) Practice Question 1 A train left Chicago and traveled toward Dallas. Five hours later another train left for Dallas traveling at 40 mph with a goal of catching up with the first train bound for Dallas. The second train finally caught up with the first train after traveling for three hours. How fast was the train that left first going? Remember to use a diagram to arrange your information. Then write two equations to solve your problem. Start with the second train, since you know the time and rate it traveled: Second traint x r d3 x 40 120 milesFirst traint x r d8 hours x r 120 milesDivide each side by 8 hours to solve for r.8 hours/8 hours x r 120 miles/8 hoursr 15 mph Practice Question 2 One train left the station and traveled toward its destination at 65 mph. Later, another train left the station traveling in the opposite direction of the first train at 75 mph. After the first train had traveled for 14 hours, it was 1,960 miles apart from the second train. How long did the second train travel? First, consider what you know: First trainr 65 mph, t 14 hours, d 65 x 14 milesSecond trainr 75 mph, t x hours, d 75x miles Then use the  d rt  formula as follows: d (of train 1) d (of train 2) 1,960 miles75x 910 1,96075x 1,050x 14 hours (the time the second train traveled)

Ambassador Lange Essays - HIVAIDS, Presidency Of George W. Bush

Ambassador Lange Ambassador John Lange: Career in Global Health Diplomacy The simultaneous growth of Ambassador John Langes career as a global health diplomat and global health itself exemplifies the importance of the field as a prioritize matter on the global agenda. The diverse array of professional accomplishments Ambassador Lange achieved throughout his career demonstrates the interdisciplinary nature of global health and the many ways to be a strong actor in the field. Ambassador Lange strongly emphasized the heightened need to bring forth international health concerns as detrimental to global prosperity with potential to impact national security and leading to socio-economic crises. Mr. Lange started off his professional career with the intent of practicing law, but quickly found himself immersed in the international affairs realm. During that time, he built his highly esteemed credentials by working in the State Department Bureaus of African Affairs, Western Hemisphere affairs as well as several American embassies located in Togo, France and Mexico. Later on in his career, Ambassador Lange served as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and as Chargee Daffaires during which he had to deal with the terrorist bombing of the Embassy and the consequences in the aftermath. It was not until Mr. Lange became U.S. ambassador to the Republic of Botswana that his strong dedication to the field of global health and career as a global health diplomat commenced. As the people of Botswana were experiencing up to thirty eight percent HIV infectious rates, Ambassador Lange felt the imminent need to address this devastating phenomenon not only as a health issue but a security threat as well. This AIDS epidemic was seen as a forthcoming security threat in the sense that it would have destabilizing effects not only mortality rates, but on the capacity and capability of the workforce ultimately fostering a severe socio-economic crisis. In addition to the collaboration between Ambassador Lange and the Botswana governments strong efforts to alleviate the situation, The U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations organized the first UN Security Council meeting on the impact of AIDS on peace and security in Africa. This historic event not only reinforced the strong correlation between AIDS, security, and stability but it also elevated the issue on the international agenda. Many other U.S.-based entities such as the Harvard AIDS foundation and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, among others, played a crucial role in helping Botswana deal with this devastating health crisis. Fully invested in the field, Ambassador Lange then took on a position in the State Department where he helped the U.S global AIDS coordinator implement the new PEPFAR office. PEPFAR, a historic commitment to combating a single disease, experienced a few setbacks but ultimately was still acknowledged as a unique opportunity to make an immense difference in an emergency situation. Through PEPFARs efforts, as well as the work of other organizations, the concern regarding security threats in many countries has immensely diminished. Ambassador Lange finished off his career as a Foreign Service Officer by working on the threat of pandemic influenza. During that time, he realized that not only could pandemic influenza have serious consequences on national security and the entire fabric of American society, but that it was an issue that needed to be addressed at the global level requiring the involvement of other governments. Ambassador Lange strongly emphasized that, though international partnerships, certain goals imperatively needed to be achieved. These goals being: the elevation of avian and pandemic influenza on national agendas, the need to coordinate efforts among donors and affected nations, to mobilize and leverage resources globally, increase transparency in disease reporting and surveillance, and lastly to build capacity for the long term. Withholding certain viruses would not only threaten the field of global heath but would also present inconsistencies with the spirit underlying the provisions of inte rnational health values. After his retirement from the Foreign Service Department, Ambassador Lange took on a position working for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation where he devotes his time engaging in high-level outreach among the International Development community. While working for the Gates Foundation, Ambassador Lange is able to focus on a vertical approach to Global Health which entails intervention strategy, monitoring

How Biofuels Benefit the Economy Research Paper

How Biofuels Benefit the Economy - Research Paper Example Production of biofuel is an advantage to the economy because it helps the economy in different aspects (Environmental and Water Resources Institute U.S. 3). It is a cleaner source of energy compared to the other sources for instance the petroleum sources. This indicates that the environmental concerns are taken care of and the health of individuals is not at risk. Many people spend a lot of their income by paying for their health facilities but, with the use of biofuels, one is able to save the amount of money he or she earns. The saved funds can be channeled to other uses among them investment, a situation that would have otherwise not occurred. Health care provisions to cater for complexities that result from forms of energy used are expensive. On the same note, meeting health care insurance premiums may prove difficult because the insurance firms often deny covers to people with pre-existing conditions. Making the right choices of energy; in this case biofuels rules out such occur rences. When compared to other conventional sources of energy, biofuels are the best because they offer cleaner gases than the rest (Yeo 52). The economic benefits of biofuels fall into two categories. They are the benefits which outsmart the fuel production by fossil fuels and the economic benefits that establish a viable and sustainable biofuels industry which uplifts the developing countries (Worldwatch Institute 132). Whichever the case, the benefits of biofuels in the economy cannot be refuted. It is important to note that challenges and opposition have been raised against the use if this type of fuel. However, the central point of argument revolves around what biofuels will do for the economy. The economy is not a stand-alone aspect in the context of this analysis. Both social and environmental aspects fall into place in the evaluation of the benefits of biofuels. The government also must be accounted for, given the fact that it plays a central role in determining the pace of economic growth and development. All these factors are therefore intertwined, and the benefits of biofuels to the economy are felt across all the aspects identified. Energy security for countries like the United States which uses a lot of energy annually is safe from expensive purchase of oil as an energy source from other foreign companies. This is because reliance on imports makes the country suffer a great deal of its income by purchasing a commodity they can produce, given the resources available in the country. The economy of the country hence preserved for taking care of other concerns in the country (Keystone BioFuels Inc.). What this means for an economy that uses biofuels is that, domestic capacity utilization is maximized, thereby triggering high economic performance. Resource allocation to the energy sector is undercut, allowing for increased allocations to other sectors of the economy that previously received lesser allocations in a bid to finance fuel importation. First generation biofuels save up to sixty percent of carbon emissions, which are a, risk to the environment and health art large. The second generation biofuels save up to eighty percent of carbon emissions, which reduces the, health risks by a great percentage. Economy benefits greatly from the biofuels because they create an expansion of more job opportunities (Environmental and Water Resources Institute U.S. 3). Due to this technological advancement country has wanted to

Spatial patterns in Okinawa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Spatial patterns in Okinawa - Essay Example Okinawa was originally occupied by the Archipelagos who used to make the region prosperous in trade during the fourteenth and sixteenth century, this is because, and it was used as an avenue for exchange between Japan and the South Eastern Asia. Okinawa island has been put into consideration by the Japanese government whereby, we find that the region is to be put under a high Administrative Management, where various principles are to be applied these include the self-reliance principle, through which the people are given an opportunity to collaborate both nationally and internationally in the development of the Okinawa Island. There are also plans to allow the industrial growth through the enhancement of employment opportunities for the people, health care provision to the people and the discovery of high-quality technological advancement and the new ways of managing human resources that will always contribute in the economic growth of the region. The island is located between the Kyusyu and Taiwan, including the major cities of Asia such as Taipei, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Seoul, Manila and Tokyo that are said to be occupying part of the Okinawa Island. The island population had engaged in exclusive cultural activities such as textiles, arts and customs performance and potteries which basically contributed in the overseas trade. The geographical composition of this island include; the coral rocks, through which the rain water filter through and creating many caves on the island, this caves are said to have played a major role in the war of Okinawa where most people were using them as there areas for hiding from their enemies.

Why Separating the Church from the State is the Best Policy Essay Example for Free

Why Separating the Church from the State is the Best Policy Essay Those sympathetic toward the British dissenters and critical of the aristocratic foundations of eighteenth-century British life have found it easy enough to dismiss Burkes arguments as a simple defense of Whig oligarchy. [1] But Burkes belief that religion and society, church and state, stood or fell together was only the latest and perhaps most eloquent expression of a very old tradition in all of Christendom. For men of Burkes temperament, the lesson was finally driven home by the general weakening of religious establishments in America after the Revolutionparticularly the formal disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Virginiaand the assault on religion by the French Revolution. [2] It is probably more difficult for Americans, whose government and society rest precisely on the very political philosophy and religious nonconformity which Burke opposed, than for citizens of more historically grounded nations, to view his defense of established religion and the confessional state with great sympathy. But in this authors view, it is well worth the attempt. Jacques Maritain observed some forty years ago that while the confessional state may have only constituted the legal rather than the living, vital form of medieval sacral civilization, nevertheless medieval man and woman entered civil society and citizenship only through membership in the Church. Modern man and woman are citizens regardless of religious affiliation. Maritain cited the view of the distinguished Catholic theologian, Charles Journet, who distinguished between the Christian state which was at the service of right and truth, and the modern state which justifies itself in the service of freedom and the realization of human dignity. According to Journet: It would be incorrect to describe medieval times as those of a confusion between the spiritual and the temporal . . . Their interrelations were characterized in medieval society by the fact that the spiritual order did not confine itself to acting on the temporal as a regulator of political, social and cultural values. It tended . . . to become . . . a component element in the structure of society . . . Those who did not visibly belong to the Church were from the first dismissed society: the heathen over the frontiers, the Jews into ghettos. Those who, having first been Christians, afterwards broke with the Church, as heretics or schismatics, constituted a much greater dangerthey shook the very bases of the new society and appeared as enemies of the public safety. [3] All justification of views supporting the need for the true faith to force compliance comes in the last analysis from St. Augustine. Peter Brown has called him the first theorist of the Inquisition and explains that his pessimism and belief in predestination allowed him to disbelieve in the wisdom of permitting error to do battle freely with truth in a competition of ideas, the preferred choice of a John Milton, perhaps of a John Locke, and of all liberals. Augustine was convinced that sinful man required firm handling, in his term discipline. This was how God had ruled Israel, and Christian society could do no less. [4] Burke himself, during the intense excitement of the French Revolution, did not shrink from praising even the Spanish Inquisition, along with Joseph de Maistre, finding that as to the clergy, they are the only thing in Spain that looks like an independent order, and they are kept in some respect by the Inquisition, the sole but unhappy resource of pub-lick tranquility and order now remaining in Spain. As in Venice, it is become mostly an engine of State, which, indeed, to a degree, it has always been in Spain. It wars no longer with Jews and Hereticks: It has no such war to carry on. Its great object is to keep atheistic and republican doctrines from making their way in that kingdom. [5] In view of the fact that for St. Thomas Aquinas nothing less than the Eucharist created the civic community, and because the conservative model of the good society was always medieval Europe, can one doubt that religion must lie at the foundation of the conservative understanding of citizenship? [6] Perhaps no one has understood the religious foundations of citizenship as well as J. G. A. Pocock. His analysis deserves our full attention: To those for whom all intolerance is ridiculous and unnecessary, it is hard to imagine a world in which differences in religious belief had serious political consequences; but if Jesus Christ were less than an equal person of the holy and undivided Trinity, still more if he were a divinely appointed human being and not himself divine, there could be no thought that the Churchany Churchwas part of his continuing divine presence on earth, or in any corporate sense part of the presence of God among men. Religion could only be a community of belief or opinion among those who voluntarily held beliefs or opinions in common; it could not be the institutional form of a communion between God and men . . . . Richard Price desired more than toleration for Protestant Dissenters; he desired a full equality of civil rights, irrespective of denominational membership or doctrinal subscription.

The Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Es

The Rhetoric of Pathos in the Writings of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. "I have a dream," says Dr. Samuel Proctor, Martin Luther King, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Rutgers University. "All the little children--you hear everywhere you go: 'I have a dream.' All the little children repeating that speech. It's become like the 'Star Spangled Banner' or the 'Pledge of Allegiance.' It's entered our culture." And so it has: "I have a dream" has become one of the most memorable phrases of the twentieth century. Of all the many speeches delivered at the Lincoln Memorial on that hot, steamy day of August 28, 1963, no other remarks have had such an impact as those of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. His words reflected then, and continue to do so now, the deep sense of pathos in the plight of African-Americans throughout the United States, a socio-economic and political context rooted in injustices orchestrated by unfair, discriminatory practices that were designed to intimidate and dominate the nation's African-Americans behind a veneer of social and political platitudes a ccepted as givens by others in the same society. Those easy assumptions Dr. King challenged in his reflections on the African-American's experience to that time. What set apart his remarks from all the others that day, however, were elements of style--an oratorical style--that Dr. King had honed in speech after speech for years. He was, in fact, a much practiced orator. A comparison of almost any set of his remarks reveals the key to the dramatic sense of pathos that still accent his works for readers today. The distinguishing features of Martin Luther King, Jr.'s style which so personalize his works are his rich allusions, figures of speech, and parallelism. These th... ...uinas, an unjust law is a human law that is not rooted in eternal and natural law. Any law that uplifts human personality is just. Any law that degrades human personality is unjust (293). In the name of eternal and natural law, Dr. King joined in the long train of reformers, dating in the American and Western tradition to Thoreau's "Civil Disobedience, to the Continental Congress's "Declaration of Independence," and John Locke's apostrophe to democracy, his "Essay on Civil Government." Dr. King's words still urge us all to sharpen our sensitivity to universal law that makes each of us "free at last." Works Cited King, Martin Luther, Jr. "I Have a Dream." A Testament of Hope. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1986. 217-220. King, Martin Luther, Jr. "Letter from Birmingham City Jail." A Testament of Hope.  San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1986. 289-302.